Blog Task 3 Race

In the resources, Asif Sadia challenges diversity training by stating that many perspectives should be encompassed, not just one dominant culture perspective being delivered (Sadiq, 2023). He elaborates that content should be designed at a local scale and that we learn through stories, experiences and group discussion (Sadiq, 2023).

With these viewpoints in mind this made me revisit the UAL Anti-Racism mandatory training which all staff members have to complete. The training takes the form of an interactive slide presentation with audio clips, videos, case studies and multiple choice questions. It is quite extensive and even introduces terminology such as ‘Intersectionality’, yet having done the training last year I didn’t remember the slide about ‘Intersectionality’ and only became familiar through discussion and reading on the IP module. 

Figure 1 Microagressions video from UAL Anti-Racism Mandatory Training

One of the videos in the training examined Microaggressions (Figure 1), the video was produced by Wisconsin Technical College in the USA and goes through some steps to take when Microagressions occur (Center for Racial Justice, 2021). After the video I considered if I would I even remember the points if confronted by Microagressions? Would Microgressions even take some of the same forms as those presented in the video? How would I know if I was on the receiving or delivering end of any unconscious Microagressions? 

The training takes a fix all solution to the challenges Asif Sadia highlights, How could the training be redesigned to fit within a UK, UAL or a local context? And how might Anti-Racism training be designed with intersectionality in mind?

Asif Sadia mentions uncomfortable experiences can act as powerful spaces for learning and change (Sadiq, 2023), perhaps through this approach some of the questions raised above might be tackled. 

An uncomfortable experience shown in another resource is the ‘Privilege walk’ taking place with a group of school children. The walk put the students in an uncomfortable situation with many questioning why they were so far behind some of their peers with many saying it was unfair (Channel 4, 2020). A lot of comments in the Youtube comments claim that the walk made the Children more divided driving them to feel more resentment towards each other (Figure 2).

Figure 2 Youtube comments reacting to the Video

The aim of the walk was to make the students aware of what privilege looks like in society (Bryan, 2022). But in this example were the children too young? Could this have been done through the use of persona identities, so that the children’s identities were not exposed resulting in stigmas (Thomas, 2022), or shown through the staff members performing the walk to demonstrate to students what their own privilege looks like in the local context of their school? (though again this could result in stigmas around the perception of staff members).

Rhianna Garrett explores the complexities of academic careers for racialised minorities, Garrett explains that a more nuanced approach is needed that goes beyond optical racial diversity to understanding and valuing intersectional identities (Garrett, 2024). The policy relevant recommendations and reflections list were insightful to read, a few that resonated with my own context included pushing new ways of thinking by stepping out of colonial modes of knowledge to making University spaces more culturally diverse spaces (Garrett, 2024).

Danah Abdulla talks about “Shattering the familiar” when it comes to decolonising design, yet also states that it is impossible to truly decolonise in Western society because of the complexities of the systems we are part of, but (as Garrett also explores) we should reimagine beyond the systems we exist in (Khandwala, 2020).

References:

Bryan, J. (2022). Privilege Walk [Online]. University of Warwick, n.d. Available from https://warwick.ac.uk/services/dean-of-students-office/community-values-education/educationresources/privilegewalk (Accessed: 22 July 2024).

Center for Racial Justice. (2021) Understanding Microagressions. [Online]. Youtube. 22 April. Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HS7kXVEWjmo&t=83s (Accessed: 22 July 2024)

Channel 4. (2020) The School That Tried to End Racism. [Online]. Youtube. 30 June. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1I3wJ7pJUjg (Accessed: 22 July 2024)

Garrett, R. (2024) ‘Racism shapes careers: Career trajectories and imagined futures of racialised minority PhDs in UK higher education’, Globalisation, Societies and Education, pp. 1–15. doi:10.1080/14767724.2024.2307886. 

Khandwala, A. (2020) What does it mean to decolonize design?, Eye on Design. Available at: https://eyeondesign.aiga.org/what-does-it-mean-to-decolonize-design/ (Accessed: 24 July 2024).

Sadiq, A. (2023) Diversity, Equity & Inclusion. Learning how to get it right. TEDx [Online]. Youtube. 2 March. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HR4wz1b54hw (Accessed: 22 June 2024)

Thomas, C. (2022) ‘Overcoming identity threat: Using persona pedagogy in intersectionality and inclusion training’, Social Sciences, 11(6), p. 249. doi:10.3390/socsci11060249. 

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Blog Task 2 Faith

In Appiah’s TED talk, intersections occur through socio-economic status and faith. In one example of a wedding in northern Namibia religion intertwines with everyday life, this is true of anyone of any socio-economic status even that of an ex World bank employee (Appiah, K. A, 2014). For Jeet Singh intersection occurs through his experience as a scholar, Sikh and father. In the example he challenges stereotypes by striking up conversation (Trinity University, 2016). In Jawad’s post, intersections occur through faith and gender through the dilemma of being a female muslim sports person in a dominant Western sporting cultures (Jawad, H, 2022). Lastly the Rekis Article highlights various intersections from faith and gender through muslim women and veiling to Sojourner Truth where intersections occur through her christian faith, being a black woman and abolitionist, feminist (Reki, J, 2023).

The themes which emerge in the resources are the different perspectives which oppose that of dominant western religious christian or secular viewpoints. For Appiah religion occupies a different role in many parts of the world, religion has not been separated from science or any other part of life (Appiah, K. A, 2014). Rekis examines how in the West religious minorities are racialised because of their religion creating stereotypes and diminishing people (Reki, J, 2023). Racilisation is more evident through gender where a Muslim women may face prejudices through the object of dress which doesn’t occur in the same way for Muslim men (Reki, J, 2023). The challenges of dress is further highlighted through Jawad’s post where Western sporting practices make it difficult for Muslim women to participate (Hijab not being allowed or accommodation of sex segregated spaces) (Jawad, H, 2022).

Figure 1 UAL dashboard data on student characteristics Religion for MA Biodesign

In my own teaching context looking at the UAL data for the course I teach on, it is no surprise that more than half of students mention ‘no religion’ in the student profile characteristics data, though some have not stated a religion (Figure 1).

Are students hesitant to make their faith known because of fear of stigmatisation? Baratta & Smith discuss dual identities of students navigating their academic and religious selves in the Secular University sector in the UK. They conclude more students expressed conflicts than those that did not, arising from the program of study from secular viewpoints in taught sessions to conflicts in the wider Universities context such as marginalisation and unfair targeting of Muslim students based on the UK ‘Prevent Duty’ legislation (Baratta & Smith, 2018).

Students on our course are inspired by known ‘Biodesign’ type projects often taking a secular stance (Anquetil, A. 2024). One student this year from a Zen Buddhist background included this in their work, we encouraged this but also learnt a lot from this student in tutorials where they were an expert in their beliefs and challenged our viewpoints when it came to funeral rituals.  

How can we encourage religious viewpoints in ‘Biodesign’ projects, especially when it comes to issues of Bioethics and scientific epistemologies? And what might some resolutions be in the wider UK University landscape?

-Could it lie in the Intertwining of religion and everyday life such as what Appiah discusses and respect of various viewpoints? (Appiah, K. A, 2014).

-Investment in faith and belief societies on campus? (Perfect, 2019).

-Diversity of staff, and non canonical art/design references? (Tapponi, R. 2023).

-Greater Awareness of religious feast days and celebrations of multiple faiths? 

[550]

References: 

Anquetil, A. (2024) What is biodesign? combining nature and Design, Medium. Available at: https://medium.com/design-council/what-is-biodesign-combining-nature-and-design-c5ff5766f864 (Accessed: 02 June 2024).

Appiah, K. A. (2014) Is religion good or bad? (This is a trick question). Youtube [Online]. 16 June. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2et2KO8gcY

Baratta, A. and Smith, P.V. (2018) ‘The confrontation of identities: How university students manage academic and religious selves in higher education’, Educational Studies, 45(6), pp. 771–786. doi:10.1080/03055698.2018.1534084. 

Jawad, H. (2022) Islam, Women and Sport: The Case of Visible Muslim Women. [Online]. Available at: https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/religionglobalsociety/2022/09/islam-women-and-sport-the-case-of-visible-muslim-women/ 

Perfect, S. (2019) Having faith in universities: What life is really like for students of religion or belief, Theos Think Tank. Available at: https://www.theosthinktank.co.uk/comment/2019/07/04/having-faith-in-universities-what-life-is-really-like-for-students-of-religion-or-belief (Accessed: 01 June 2024). 

Reki, J. (2023) Religious Identity and Epistemic Injustice: An Intersectional Account. Hypatia 38, pp779–800. Available at: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/hypatia/article/religious-identity-and-epistemic-injustice-an-intersectional-account/58E22487A151EC6C547B681189AF9BB4 

Tapponi, R. (2023) The architect inspiring Muslim girls everywhere, gal-dem. Available at: https://gal-dem.com/sumayya-vally-interview/ (Accessed: 02 June 2024).

Trinity University (2016) Challenging Race, Religion, and Stereotypes in the Classroom. [Online]. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0CAOKTo_DOk

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Intervention Outline

I teach on the MA Biodesign course at Central Saint Martins, Biodesign is an emerging field combining design with biology and science, where designers learn how to collaborate with living organisms to develop sustainable and novel ways of making (MA Biodesign, 2022). 

I am inspired by the ways practitioners are teaching Biodesign and design today, but I struggle to bring in more critical, inclusive and social justice orientated resources into my own teaching practise. For example in the biodesign class Deepa Butoliya teaches at the Stamps School of Art and Design, Butoliya brings in her research on critical jugaad as a valid alternative to western narratives of design, the critical jugaad approach introduces DIY making processes of those in marginalised communities who create for necessity to overcome hardships (Atzmon, L, 2023).

Lesley-Ann Noel and Marcelo Paiva in their research on recognising exclusion bring in tools to promote inclusive mindsets, such as card decks to introduce critical theory to designers or worksheets to challenge designers around issues they may face in the future from lifestyle changes to disabilities they could develop as they age (Noel, L-A & Paiva, M, 2021).

My intervention idea is to find small ways to encourage students or staff on my team to seek out alternative forms of knowledge and expertise. Allowing them to consider non-western perspectives to decolonise design (Abdulla, D, 2024) as well as consider inclusive experiences and viewpoints.  As a mixed race white and South East Asian designer who was taught and practised design in western contexts, I still have a lot to uncover and learn when diversifying my references (Selvagem, 2018).

The intervention could take the form of different engagement activities, like prompt cards or physical artefacts to draw inspiration from, that may help in student facing workshops around ideation. To a growing map of collaborators made up of experts in different communities (indigenous, ancestral, scientific, design etc) (Bandoni, A, 2023). That could be shared and added to by different year groups. 

Potential References:

Abdulla, D. (2024) – Danah Abdulla, Decolonization & Design Lesson Plan. Available at: https://www.dabdulla.com/Decolonization-Design-Lesson-Plan (Accessed: 25 May 2024). 

Atzmon, L (ed.) 2023, Design and Science, Bloomsbury Publishing USA, London. Available from: ProQuest Ebook Central. [27 May 2024]. Created from ual on 2024-05-27 19:07:57.

Bandoni, A. (2023) ‘Collaborating with an Amazonian Tree: A bio-product design experiment with ancestral references’, IASDR 2023: Life-Changing Design [Preprint]. doi:10.21606/iasdr.2023.156. 

Kaufmann-Buhler, J., Pass, V. and Wilson, C.S. (2019) Design history beyond the canon. London: Bloomsbury Visual Arts. 

MA Biodesign(2022) What We Do [Online]. Available at: https://mabiodesign.com/

Noel, L-A. and Paiva, M. (2021) ‘Learning to Recognize Exclusion.’, Journal of Usability Studies, Vol. 16, Issue 2, pp. 63–72. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349642679_Learning_to_Recognize_Exclusion (Accessed: 27 May 2024)

Schon, D. A. (1983) The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action. New York: Basic Books.

Selvagem (2018) WILD ARROW, Selvagem. Available at: https://selvagemciclo.com.br/en/flecha/ (Accessed: 28 May 2024). 

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Blog Task 1 Disability

In the resources intersections of disability and other identity aspects constantly collide within the lives of the interviewees. Paralympian Ade Adepitan faces discrimination intersecting disability and race, impacting job opportunities and societal acceptance. He advocates for universal accessibility to enable everyone to thrive (Adepitan, A. and Webborn, N, 2020). Christine Sun Kim, a deaf mother and artist, encounters barriers in education and art due to lack of accommodations such as ASL interpreters (Art21, 2023). Chay Brown, navigating as a transgender, gay, and neurodivergent individual, struggles with nonverbal communication within the gay community (Brown, C, 2023). Despite diverse experiences, all interviewees confront systemic societal challenges.

Figure 1 UAL annual report on Student Disability

In the UAL annual report (figure 1) 18% of students declared a disability, being higher amongst Home and EU students (UAL, 2023) .

Figure 2 UAL dashboard data on student disability for MA Biodesign on enrolment
Figure 3 UAL dashboard data on Fee status of MA Biodesign

The UAL dashboard data (Figure 2) on Student Profiles by Disability shows in 2022/2023, 10.4% of students on the MA Biodesign program declared a disability on enrolment this is 5 out of a combined cohort of 48. The data presented fails to account for the various nuances and intersections of disability, data only shows declared disabilities on enrolment and not throughout the course. I have witnessed a rise in the numbers of students declaring a disability near the end of the course, often from international students. And with international students making up 72.9% of the cohort in 2022/2023, (Figure 3) this is alarming. How many more students keep hidden disabilities undeclared until the intense pressures of University life escalates their conditions?

Students with declared disabilities have adjusted assessments for assignments and an Individual Support Agreement (ISA), more time to submit work or alternative tasks (UAL ,2020). Students who don’t declare a disability will not benefit from any Individual Support Agreements (ISA). Stigmas around hidden disabilities and mental health still exist and it is not easy to discuss this openly and for people to come forward especially those from international backgrounds (Advance HE, 2013).

Technology can be a powerful tool to make things more accessible (Zero Project, 2022), in my teaching observation I noticed international students using live translation apps, Artificial Intelligence powered live transcriptions not only benefit students where English is not their first language but also those with hearing difficulties. I have also utilised digital platforms like ‘Mentimeter’ in my teaching to help give a voice to students who are anxious. Yet technology can’t be a one stop solution and the various nuances of student needs must be understood.

I try to show empathy and care in my approach towards students with disabilities and mental health difficulties, yet I don’t have adequate training or the lived experience to do so, student health teams are also over stretched and limited. Talking to my colleagues, they mention they are told time and time again not to feel obliged to take on mental health support themselves, and they were offered training when they first joined but this is no longer available. This doesn’t go far enough to help mitigate issues and recognise early signs where support is needed. 

Current measures fall short in identifying and addressing early signs of support needs. Ultimately, fostering an inclusive environment that promotes student well-being and empowerment is paramount. As Ade highlights in the interview, the ultimate goal should be to create environments where people can shine (Adepitan, A. and Webborn, N, 2020).

References:

Adepitan, A. and Webborn, N. (2020). Nick Webborn interviews
Ade Adepitan. ParalympicsGB Legends [Online]. Youtube. 27 August. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnRjdol_j0c 

Advance HE (2013) Disability services: supporting international students [Online]. Available at: https://www.advance-he.ac.uk/knowledge-hub/disability-services-supporting-international-students 

Art21 (2023) Christine Sun Kim in “Friends & Strangers” – Season 11 | Art21 [Online]. Youtube. 1 November. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NpRaEDlLsI

Brown, C. (2023) Interview with ParaPride. Intersectionality in Focus: Empowering Voices during UK Disability History Month [Online]. Youtube. 13 December. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_yID8_s5tjc 

UAL (2020) Adjusted Assessment guide for students [Online]. Available at: https://www.arts.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0038/249698/Adjusted-Assessment-Guide-for-Students-2020-21-PDF-565KB.pdf

UAL (2023) Equality, Diversity and Inclusion Annual Report 2022/2023 [Online]. Available at: https://www.arts.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0015/432141/SPCB23435-EDI-report-2022-23.pdf

Zero Project (2022) Artificial Intelligence [Online]. Available at: https://zeroproject.org/tools/artifical-intelligence

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Case Study 3: Assessing learning and exchanging feedback

Context During the Unit 3 summative assessment on the MA Biodesign program a challenge we face is students misinterpreting our learning outcomes or assessment criteria (see brief) resulting in lower grades. This occurs from missing parts of their submission, not attending reviews to going over page limits.

Evaluation  Currently we provide a self assessment form (see form) along with each submission, it is rewarding when students do fill this in as it allows them to reflect and allows tutors to see what they are struggling with (Race, 2001). I refer to what they write in the form during my written feedback for the unit, my colleagues also find it useful, yet many students don’t fill out the form. I remind students what to submit and what we are looking for in their assessment, and refer to my past experience as a student and mistakes I made when submitting my work. 

Moving forwards

A self assessment journal: In the current form some students only complete the first section, asking them to detail their strengths and weaknesses, they miss out the second page, the level of achievement in relation to Learning outcomes and grade. Phil Race mentions not to use the same questions as this could result in surface responses and becomes a chore for students to fill out (Race, 2001). The current form is similar across the 3 units. With Unit 3 being the last unit a dialogue between student and tutor isn’t possible, I wish to implement a self assessment type journal through this unit, which will be part reflective log, part dialogue tool, that could help students evaluate issues emerging from their experiences (Amulya, 2011).

The journal can focus on a few key events in the term with prompts relating to LO’s, for example the LO around communication can be phrased as; what was a key moment you enjoyed from a peers presentation? Or what could be improved in your presentation? (Race, 2001). The journal could be referred to during tutorials so that a dialogue is kept throughout the last term. In the end peers could be responsible for offering a grade, helping the tutors ‘let go’ (Race, 2001), the journal will serve as a memento and reflection tool, to look back on in the future.

Visual checklist and game: The ‘Make the grade’ checklist proved to be helpful for us on the TPP unit (UAL, AEM support, 2024). I want to adapt the checklist for our students, making it more visual and engaging. Taking the form of a timeline game board outlining key assessment dates and events, during a ‘Make the grade’ session students can work in pairs to navigate the board while prompts and scenarios are be posed, such as a missed deliverable or lack of evidence around their process, in the end their scores can be tallied up resulting in an indicative grade (Rufo-Tepper, 2015).

During a PgCert tutorial session, I was inspired to think about how can we bring more inventive and creative approaches to our teaching activities, If it is not engaging for us, it won’t be for our students.  As I mentioned in the micro-teaching blog, I often forget I am a practitioner and should bring my creative responses to the challenges we can influence as a teacher. 

References:

Amulya, J. (2011) What is reflective practice. Community Science. Available at: https://communityscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/What-is-Reflective-Practice.pdf (Accessed: 16 February 2024).

Race, P. (2001). A Briefing on Self, Peer and Group Assessment. LTSN Generic Centre, Assessment Series No. 9. Available at: https://phil-race.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/Self,_peer_and_group_assessment.pdf (Accessed: 8 March 2024).

Rufo-Tepper, R. (2015) Assessing Students as They Play. Available at: https://www.edutopia.org/blog/using-games-for-assessment-rebecca-rufo-tepper (Accessed: 9 March 2024).

UAL, AEM support (2024) ‘Reducing referrals and resubmissions’, Using Make the Grade. Available at: https://www.arts.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0021/190155/AEM-Reducing-referrals-PDF-304KB.pdf (Accessed: 8 March 2024).

University of the Arts London (2017 ‘Inclusive attainment case Study:’, Make the Grade. Available at: https://www.arts.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0023/19391/Incl_Attainment_Case_study_make_the_grade_PDF_410KB.pdf (Accessed: 8 March 2024).

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Case study 2: Planning and teaching for effective learning

Contextual Background On the MA Biodesign course we face challenges around teaching a new evolving discipline to larger year groups, we can not always keep up with new pedagogies as they don’t exist. On top of this we are within a University which lacks space and is undergoing program wide restructuring. 

Evaluation Last year we got an opportunity to contribute to the field of research in Biodesign through a workshop we delivered during dutch design week (Dutch Design Week, 2023), as well as organising a Biodesign symposium for our students to engage with the growing Biodesign community around the world (Augmented Architectures, 2023) . We have been able to bring these experiences back into our teaching, yet students don’t always see the value in this and time and resources don’t always make this viable. As for lack of space and the University restricting these are things that are not easy to address. 

Moving forwards

The concept of the Ecological University: In Ronald Barnett’s concept note higher education in 2050 is discussed. What resonated with me is the role of the tutors not teaching, but generating scenarios for students to motivate their own learning, and harness critical thinking (Barnett, 2021). Barnett also mentions the idea of connectivity, especially in relation to the world and others ecosystems around us (Barnett, 2021). I can draw from some of these principles and formulate sessions that take place in other spaces of the University as well as beyond it’s walls. We are already making use of the roof top space for our year 1 project this year and the yearly field trip we go on, though not always practical to do I can host sessions in Unit 2 around storytelling and prototyping in different real world environments.

Dual tutors and tutor groups: During my observation of Emma’s session, I saw the usefulness of having two presenters and voices addressing a larger year group. Her co-tutor Patrick added another level of expertise and helped to break up the session to make it more engaging for students. As our course is growing we seem to have less staff available, sometimes I am the only one running a session. This year we have two tutor groups in unit 3, my colleague takes half of the year group for tutorials, but perhaps developing some joint workshop or learning session together can be beneficial this will also help manage planning activities.

The Joint work in progress show, 2023

Joint work in progress show: Barnett mentions that students should be forming connections with the world and each other (Barnett, 2021). Over the last two years I have advocated for our students to take part in a joint work in progress show with other courses and tutors on board. This has grown this year and it has been a great opportunity for students and staff to meet each other and exchange feedback, it has built up communication and critical skills in analysing the work of peers. We get good feedback about this experience, though some students do struggle a bit when taking on the feedback.

There is a growing opportunity here from students and staff to find more ways to collaborate as well as move beyond the walls of the University in order to teach more radically and effectively.

References:

Augmented Architectures (2023) Biocalibrated: Tools and Techniques for Biodesign Practices Symposium. Available at: http://www.augmented architectures.com/about_BIOCALIBRATE.html (Accessed: 8 March 2024).

Barnett, R. (2021) Towards the Ecological University – A Concept Note from Ronald Barnett, iesalc.unesco.org. Available at: https://www.iesalc.unesco.org/eng/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Barnett-EN.pdf (Accessed: 08 March 2024). 

Dutch Design Week (2023) The Microbial Council. Available at: https://ddw.nl/en/programme/9882/the-microbial-council (Accessed: 8 March 2024).

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Blog 4: The Crit/Review

In workshop five of the PgCert, we examined the role of the crit as a formative feedback tool in art and design education. We tried an interactive exercise from the ‘Critiquing the crit’ report, where we role played students or tutors in a crit scenario where found objects were presented for review (Blythman et al, 2007).

I decided to look into the report in a bit more detail to see if I could find any useful learnings and ideas I could use for future crits, or reviews as we refer to them. The report acts a sort of field guide to a crit, and goes through the types of crits, from desk to group crits as well as identifying the problems and benefits of a crit. What I found useful about the report was the case studies and good practise section (Blythman et al, 2007).

When I started my role I was in a situation where I had to lead a formative crit for the year 1 mapping ecosystems project due to lack of staff, at that point I didn’t know about all the units or details of the course yet. My only frame of reference was the crits I experiences as a student on my masters program about 8 years prior, which were largely positive exepriences. I tried to give as much useful feedback whilst keeping a neutral tone and opening up space for other tutors to comment. At the end of the crit a student said they expected the crit to be more brutal but was surprised at how it wasn’t, at the time I didn’t know if this was a good or bad thing. Having a resource like the report would have been useful especially for a new tutor.

I have already started to implement some of the principles of the report in my crits, such as recording learning, from the use of peer review forms and digital platforms like Mentimeter to record peer feedback (see above). I also try to create more space for peer feedback when time allows. And seek out opportunities for interdisciplinary crits such as our participation in the joint review event with tutors and students from other courses.

There is still much to consider such as the physical layout of the space and how this can harness intimidating or relaxed atmospheres. To finding ways to help students participate by either responding to work thematically or around themes to bring structure around a crit (Blythman et al, 2007).

What should a Biodesign crit/review look like going forward? They should allow more opportunities for peer learning and growth (Blair, 2007), maybe even seek collaborations with other living systems or organisms, what might a crit look like it it was evaluated by a non-human such as Physarum Polycephalum? After all there already is a non-human Physarum mold scholar at Hampshire college in the USA (Hampshire College, 2022).

Physarum maze at the Mattering Life staff development workshop, led by Heather Barnett, CSM, March 2023

References:

Blair, B. (2007) Perception/ Interpretation/ Impact, Networks. No. 1.p 10-13. Art, Design & Media Subject Centre, The Higher Education Academy.

Blythman et al. (2007) Critiquing the Crit. Higher Education Academy Available at: https://www.academia.edu/586074/Critiquing_the_Crit (Accessed: 2 March 2024).

Hampshire College (2022) Physarum Mold Visiting Non-Human Scholar. Available at: https://www.hampshire.edu/academics/faculty/physarum-mold (2 March 2024).

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Record of Observation or Review of Teaching Practice 3 Tutor Observation

Lindsay observing Jon 27/03/24

Session/artefact to be observed/reviewed: Tutorial Session

Size of student group: 20 students (2 in this observation session) in room B003 (Central Saint Martins) 

Observer: Lindsay Jordan

Observee: Jonathan Flint 

Part One
Observee to complete in brief and send to observer prior to the observation or review:

What is the context of this session/artefact within the curriculum?

This will be a group Tutorial Session for Unit 3 of the MA Biodesign course (2-year program) this is with year 2 students. 

How long have you been working with this group and in what capacity

I have been working with this cohort since I joined the program in September 2022 (they were year 1 when I joined). I work 2.5 days in my role and I am the main tutor for the year 2 students. 

What are the intended or expected learning outcomes?

These focus on design development and project contextualization for unit 3.

What are the anticipated outputs (anything students will make/do)?

Students will present their final project progress, feedback on their experience of the work in progress review the previous week and show us an idea of what they will present for the interim review a few weeks later on the 12th March.

Are there potential difficulties or specific areas of concern?

To check how much progress the students have been making. Sometimes students get stuck at this stage and don’t know how to take in feedback they have received . 

How will students be informed of the observation/review?

I will email the students in advance 

What would you particularly like feedback on?

General feedback, I have only been observed once giving tutorials, so anything you notice about the session will be helpful such as:

What I can do better? How to build engagement if students haven’t done anything or made much progress? How I can help when the students have a future tutorial? How to keep notes etc?

How will feedback be exchanged?

Verbally and written if possible

Part Two

Observer to note down observations, suggestions and questions:

Observing your tutorial session with the MA Biodesign students was a great way to experience your pedagogical approach, in particular the thoughtful manner in which you engage with your students. Your focused on each student’s work, one at a time, for an approximately equal time, showing your commitment to giving individual attention and ensuring that each student benefits from your expertise.

What you shared above about the challenge some students face in absorbing feedback was particularly enlightening. What’s behind it, do you think? Is it the case that students’ attachments to their initial concepts and efforts are hindering their openness to new directions? This is a critical observation in the context of creative education, where attachment to one’s work can be a barrier to growth. I wondered if the first student was experiencing this. She responded positively to your suggestions while also not looking particularly excited about taking a different tack. You’ve probably heard of the idea of art teachers inviting their students to destroy their work as a test of the humility and non-attachment that’s required to learn. Cesar Cordova is a fan: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DimbeZFvEus.

Your engagement with the first student, who brought materials, a sample, and a sketchbook, was a testament to your ability to immerse yourself in the students’ work. Your method of asking questions, listening intently to the answers, and watching and responding to the student’s reactions demonstrated an effective, responsive teaching style. Your suggestion for her to seek feedback from her nieces and nephews was a good way to encourage her to open her perspective and consider diverse viewpoints, potentially making her more receptive to feedback.

The second student, who brought only a laptop, presented a different dynamic. Your adeptness at drawing out and discussing her ideas, despite a couple of moments where the exchange threatened to dry up, shows skill in adapting your approach to fit the student’s preparedness and engagement level. This adaptability is crucial in maintaining the productivity of the session, even when faced with less tangible materials to work with.

Your attentive and thoughtful manner was consistent throughout the tutorial, creating a rich, beneficial learning environment for both students. 

The incident where the first student received feedback that seemed irrelevant to her project, and you identified it as a likely copy-paste error, highlights your attentiveness and desire to guide students through the landscape of academic feedback. I’m not sure she was completely reassured by your explanation (it sounded like it wasn’t you who wrote the feedback). Will you feed this back to colleagues?

Your focus, thoughtfulness, and seriousness are of note in your teaching style. The values I see emerging from you as a teacher include critical thinking, responsiveness, and adaptability. As you continue to nurture these qualities in your students, consider other strategies to enhance their receptivity to feedback. Not burning their work(!), something more light touch, such as using reflective frameworks like those we’ve introduced on the PgCert, or organising peer feedback sessions. 

I feel that your approach combines the teaching of technical knowledge and skills with preparation to navigate the complexities of creative work with an open, growth-oriented mindset. It was a privilege to observe your tutorial, and I am confident that your students are gaining invaluable insights and skills under your guidance.

Over to you; is there anything here that you feel you can act on?

Part Three

Observee to reflect on the observer’s comments and describe how they will act on the feedback exchanged:

The challenges associated with students absorbing feedback could be due to several reasons, I think attachment to an initial concept could be one of them. I feel students also try to search for the archetypal ‘Biodesign’ project and try to conform to what they believe tutors think that is. For some reason I may have been doing the same thing on the PgCert, which was holding me back slightly and was highlighted for me in a tutorial session, it made me realise that it’s not about doing something you expect your tutors will want, but to do something you find interesting that will help your development, (as long as you meet the learning outcomes and submit everything)!

I think the Cesar Cordova video suggested is great and like how he explains when working with cheaper paper we get carried away and draw with freedom, but when it comes to more expensive final equipment, we are hesitant and don’t want to make mistakes. This video reminds me of a quote a tutor told us during our first year studying on my BA course, it was that ‘ideas are cheap’, meaning that there is no point hunting for the perfect idea when you should be able to think of many, and as the Cesar Cordova video highlights it is about experimenting, playing and enjoying what we do no matter how many times we try again, as it is the act of making mistakes and failing that we can move forward and learn.

In the case of the first student, their initial idea did change direction due feedback given, so I think this student had good reason not to want to change ideas again, but time will tell whether students heed or advice or not. My suggestion to get feedback from her nieces and nephews was an attempt for her to try some design research methods in her project and perhaps have a real person in mind when designing, a relative or family member is the easiest person we can try to talk to quickly to gain new insights from. 

I was not aware of my adaptability in this instance, as Emma noticed on a previous observation, I always have a notebook and pen to hand as it helps me to think and draw things out when explaining something to students. I wonder what I could do if an exchange does dry up in the future, perhaps this would be a case of having some prepared materials or questions to work with, but perhaps being able to adapt quickly is enough I guess this is a form of tacit knowledge that may have been built up over the years in other roles I have had.

The incident with the feedback came at me by surprise, so I tried to find a way to explain this based on what I sometimes do when I write feedback which is to create a structure based on previous feedback I had written. I didn’t write the feedback and the colleague who did was away at the time, so I didn’t get a change to query about it. I did meet the student again the week after to explain it, I think having some time to process the error may have helped as the student was more receptive this time around. 

I try to organise peer feedback sessions as much as possible, this was partly the reason why we started to do group tutorial sessions, but sometimes they do transform back into one-to-one tutorials with other students waiting for their turn, so maybe there is a better way to facilitate this or set some ground rules before the tutorial so everyone can get involved. I have started using the digital platform ‘Mentimeter’ (I found it on the UAL reducing referral and submissions pdf) so that quieter voices can add their comments and feedback anonymously, ‘Mentimeter’ doesn’t require a log in so students just join a QR code and it works on their phones.

Reflective frameworks would be interesting to try here, I like the idea of journaling or storytelling seen in the ‘what is reflective practice by Joy Amulya’ article, I would like to find a way to use journals more in future sessions. There was a workbook that I had found a few years ago when I was mentoring called the ‘Creative Self workbook’ by Tina Essmaker, with a number of exercises such as a matrix to define your purpose or a ‘letter to your future self’ task, I remember also uploading it as a resource for previous year students, this might be worth revisiting in the context of tutorials or as an example of a piece of prepared material I mentioned above. 

Thanks for the feedback and suggestions, the observations have been a valuable insight into what I do, how my peers teach as well as how our students respond. 

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Blog 3: Learning Outcomes and CHAT

For workshop four I was assigned the ‘Doubting learning outcomes’ text by Nicholas Addison which outlines the history of Learning outcomes (LOs) how it was made mandatory in the 1990’s and the backlash and critics associated with it (Addison, 2014).  Addison goes on to present a series of tables that examine the pros and cons of LOs in relation to different categories from curriculum design to Inclusive principles and art and design, Addison suggests alternatives based on constructivist principles and diverse sources such as group discussions (Addison, 2014).  

One method I was intrigued by mentioned in the article is the cultural historical activity theory (CHAT) model rooted in Vygotskian theory and realised by Yrjö Engeström in 1987. It is a framework that looks at the wider social implications of learning, and the interactions and realisation processes formed through learning (Addison, 2014). It was not explained how the CHAT framework worked in the article, so I sought out an explanation through some online videos (Boardman, 2013).

I decided to try the CHAT model through a students viewpoint when going through the submission and learning outcomes for Unit 2 of the MA Biodesign course (p19) (Collet, 2021).

Try the CHAT framework for Unit 2

Using the CHAT framework for analysis like this was quite difficult without much guidance, what it did enable me to map out all the important actors that enable learning to take place, if there is a break in the triangle, for example, no grow lab technical space, this will not allow for a student to expand on their practice or position their design work, or enable them to engage with living systems or meet the brief causing a knock on effect for their learning (see diagram above). Though of course they could use this as an important limitation and find ways around this to navigate their project, a colleague of mine on the course states to students that they didn’t have access to a grow lab space when they were doing their masters and the fact that students have a facility like this is valuable, but do limitations create opportunities? What the CHAT frameworks makes us aware of is how everything is linked together, to harness an environment for successful learning to take place (Addison, 2014). 

MA Biodesign Unit 2 Learning Outcomes (Collet, 2021)

Taking a quick look at the unit 2 learning outcomes (above) through the CHAT lens, for LO1 and LO3 the wider community can play a big role here whether that be through communication of ideas to framing a project idea. For LO2 there are many opportunities that CHAT has mapped out in order to advance on knowledge. Addison mentions that LO’s negates the sociality of learning and open frameworks like CHAT can help student motivations and social needs (Addison, 2014). A next step would be to adapt the CHAT framework as a reflective worksheet my students could use to map out their own unique learning and project environments. 

References:

Addison, N. (2014) ‘Doubting learning outcomes in higher education contexts: From performativity towards emergence and negotiation’, International Journal of Art & Design Education, 33(3), pp. 313–325. Available at: https://doi:10.1111/jade.12063. 

Boardman, D. (2013) Activity theory. 3 December. Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p5i0wB9Jfmk (Accessed: 24 February 2024). 

Collet, Carole. (2021) MA Biodesign 2021/22 Course Handbook. UAL Central Saint Martins. Unpublished. Available at: CSMMABIOX01 MA Biodesign 202122 Course Handbook.pdf

Engeström, Y. (1987) Learning by Expanding: An Activity-Theoretical Approach to Developmental Research. Helsinki: Orienta-Konsultit 

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Blog 2: Reflecting on Teaching

This blogpost is inspired by the cross program session Annamarie McKie delivered on reflection. In the session McKie (2024) covered when we might reflect on our teaching, as well as research insights covering how lecturers in the creative arts discuss reflection, as well as offering some prompts and strategies we tried out to help us reflect on the UK professional standards framework. 

I could relate to a lot of the research insights McKie (2024) presented, from the dual identity of education and practitioner, introducing practises related to industry, this is what I do when I deliver workshops on design research or prototyping. 

I found the prompt cards presented to be quite an engaging and playful framework in which to think about reflection. The session also introduced me to a lot of reflective strategies such as Brookfield’s critical lenses, which has allowed me to consider more perspectives than my own when thinking about my teaching work. Such as viewing my teaching from my students’ eyes can help me to see what they take from my teaching. As well as experiencing the vast array of literature already out there to make sense of familiar situations that have happened (Brookfield, 1995). 

Prompt cards McKie (2024)

One of the exercises asked us to consider our identities as teachers and made me consider my role, as well as to why I teach what I do. The ways in which I would normally reflect on my teaching was to review what worked and what I could do better in a session by writing down a few notes after the session, this may have not been the best approach as the nature of teaching changes constantly. 

The dialogic prompt cards makes sense for in my practise as a tangible way in which to reflect, it reminds me of design research tools such as the IDEO method cards (IDEO, 2024) that I have used in my design practise. The reflecting through metaphor prompt was one that I felt I would use more, especially when thinking about difficult teaching situations, this draws on the idea of reflective practise through dialogue and stories as Joy Amulya (2011) describes as a tool to help unpack experiences and identify issues that need to be pursed. 

My next steps here would be to find time to use or adapt some of the dialogic prompts for my teaching context, continue to use Brookfield’s critical lenses, as well as find ways to reflect more through dialogue with colleagues and peers. 

References:

Amulya, J. (2011) What is reflective practice. Community Science. Available at: https://communityscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/What-is-Reflective-Practice.pdf (Accessed: 16 February 2024).

Brookfield, S.D. (1995) Becoming a critically reflective teacher. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. 

IDEO (2024) Method Cards. Available at: https://www.ideo.com/journal/method-cards (Accessed: 16 February 2024). 

McKie, A. (2024) Reflect on this…or that? [Workshop]. University of the Arts London. 14 February.

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